Punch or laser - exploring hallmarking methods

Punch or laser? Which Hallmarking method works for you?

Have you ever wondered about the difference between an outline and a relief mark in laser hallmarking? Unsure whether to choose a laser or punch hallmark? Or perhaps you’re simply curious about how a hallmark is applied to an item of jewellery? If so, you’re in the right place. Let us guide you through the hallmarking process and help you decide which method is best for your precious items.

HOW IS A HALLMARK APPLIED?

A hallmark can be applied in two main ways: by traditional punch method or by laser.

Hallmarking, one of the earliest forms of consumer protection, was introduced in the UK as far back as the 1300s and historically they were applied by hand or with a press, using a physical punch to create a deep impression in the metal.

In the late 1990s, laser hallmarking was introduced at Birmingham Assay Office, providing an innovative alternative. Instead of striking the metal, a fine laser beam etches the hallmark onto the surface, offering precision and versatility. This technique allows the hallmark to be created as either an outline mark or a relief mark, depending on the desired effect.

Both traditional punch and laser methods can be used on all precious metals, giving jewellers and consumers the flexibility to choose based on their preferences and the characteristics of the item.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN OUTLINE MARK AND A RELIEF MARK?

The difference lies in how the hallmark is formed during the laser etching process:

Outline Mark: As the name suggests, an outline mark consists of a clear outline of the hallmark. During the lasering process, the hallmark itself is applied onto the metal by the laser, leaving behind a clean, precise outline that defines the hallmark’s shape. This creates a subtle yet elegant effect.
Relief Mark: A relief mark is the opposite of an outline mark. The laser burns the background around it, making the hallmark stand out prominently. The result resembles a traditional punch mark, with the hallmark appearing raised against the metal surface.

The choice between an outline and a relief mark often comes down to personal preference and design considerations. It’s worth noting that relief marks are slightly more expensive than outline marks due to the additional time and precision required to remove the background material.

WHICH HALLMARKING METHOD SHOULD I CHOOSE?

It’s normally a matter of personal preference as to which hallmarking method to choose. A lot of people like the tradition behind a punch mark, as it provides a tangible depth and a connection to centuries-old craftsmanship. However, there are also benefits to choosing a laser hallmark.

For instance, the delicacy of the item plays a key role in the decision. A punch hallmark involves physically striking the metal, which can cause slight metal displacement particularly on thin or fragile pieces. This is why a laser hallmark is often the preferred choice for intricate or lightweight items, as it can eliminate the risk of metal displacement. That said, there are workarounds for delicate items, and our highly skilled hallmarking team is able to apply a hallmark by hand with remarkable precision where possible. Their expertise ensures that many fragile pieces can be hallmarked with care and accuracy; preserving the integrity of the item while meeting the required standards.

However, laser hallmarking is not suitable for unfinished items, as laser marks can only withstand a light polish due to their shallower depth compared to punch marks. For unfinished items, a traditional punch mark is the better option, as it can be applied at any stage of the manufacturing process without compromising the mark’s clarity.

Another advantage of laser hallmarking is its flexibility. If you opt for a laser hallmark, you can choose the size of the hallmark to suit the design of your piece, offering more customisation. In contrast, altering the size of a punch hallmark requires the creation of a new punch, which can add time and additional cost to the process.

WHY HALLMARKING MATTERS

Regardless of the method you choose, hallmarking serves a critical purpose. It guarantees the authenticity and quality of the precious metal, ensuring that it meets the required standards for purity. A hallmark is not just a legal requirement; it’s also a symbol of trust and quality.

So, whether you prefer the deep impression of a punch mark, the modern elegance of an outline mark, or the bold prominence of a relief mark, hallmarking provides protection, confidence and transparency.